春风十里不如你 —— Taozi - HCIP
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【OSPF】基础配置案例
https://www.xiongan.host/index.php/archives/266/
2026-09-27T05:09:00+08:00
OSPF基础配置实例配置简单基础案例如图 有R1、R2、R3 要求使用OSPF 使得R1的1.1.1.1与R3的3.3.3.3互通配置接口#配置R1接口
[R1]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dis this
[V200R003C00]
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 10.0.1.254 255.255.255.0
#
return
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R1]int LoopBack 0
[R1-LoopBack0]dis this
[V200R003C00]
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
#
return
[R1-LoopBack0]
#配置R2接口
[R2]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dis this
[V200R003C00]
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.0
#
return
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R2]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]dis this
[V200R003C00]
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 10.0.2.1 255.255.255.0
#
return
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
#配置R3接口
[R3]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]dis this
[V200R003C00]
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 10.0.2.254 255.255.255.0
#
return
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R3]int LoopBack 0
[R3-LoopBack0]dis this
[V200R003C00]
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0
#
return
[R3-LoopBack0]配置OSPF#配置R1 OSPF协议
[R1]ospf 1
[R1-ospf-1]dis this
[V200R003C00]
#
ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
area 0.0.0.0
network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
network 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.255
#
return
[R1-ospf-1]
#配置R2 OSPF协议
[R2]ospf 1
[R2-ospf-1]dis this
[V200R003C00]
#
ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
area 0.0.0.0
network 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.255
area 0.0.0.1
network 10.0.2.0 0.0.0.255
#
return
[R2-ospf-1]
#配置R3 OSPF协议
[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]dis this
[V200R003C00]
#
ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
area 0.0.0.1
network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
network 10.0.2.0 0.0.0.255
#
return
[R3-ospf-1]此时配置完成后 会有相关提示 最终有Full 代表邻居建立完成结果验证在路由器R2上查看OSPF邻居表 最终状态为Full 代表成功[R2]dis ospf peer brief
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2
Peer Statistic Information
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Area Id Interface Neighbor id State
0.0.0.0 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 1.1.1.1 Full
0.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 3.3.3.3 Full
----------------------------------------------------------------------------从R1测试是否正常通3.3.3.3 查看正常通信如果不成功 可以从R2路由器的出接口抓包查看扩展如果在R1新增10.10.10.10地址 R3新增30.30.30.30地址 让他们两个互通只需要将新网段宣告进 OSPF#在 R1 上操作：
<R1> system-view
[R1] ospf 1
[R1-ospf-1] area 0.0.0.0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.255 <-- 宣告新网段
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit
[R1-ospf-1] quit
在 R3 上操作：
<R3> system-view
[R3] ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1] area 0.0.0.1 <-- 注意：R3 之前配置的是 Area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] network 30.30.30.0 0.0.0.255 <-- 宣告新网段
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1] quit
[R3-ospf-1] quit
注意：R2 不需要宣告 10.10.10.0 或 30.30.30.0，它只负责中转测试结果:
<R1>ping -a 10.10.10.10 30.30.30.30
PING 30.30.30.30: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 30.30.30.30: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=40 ms
Reply from 30.30.30.30: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=30 ms
Reply from 30.30.30.30: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=30 ms
Reply from 30.30.30.30: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=40 ms
Reply from 30.30.30.30: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=30 ms
--- 30.30.30.30 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 30/34/40 ms在实际交换机或者路由器内如何使用抓包工具 抓取接口处数据
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【HCIP】路由策略与路由控制
https://www.xiongan.host/index.php/archives/203/
2023-05-06T20:24:50+08:00
路由策略与路由控制实验组网每台设备都创建了Loopback0，地址为10.123.x.x/32（x为设备号）在R2、R4上测试ip连通性配置OSPF、IS-ISR1、R2、R3使用Loopback0接口地址作为Router ID，在互联接口、Loopback0接口上激活OSPF。//R1
[R1]ospf 1 router-id 10.123.1.1
[R1-ospf-1] area 0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.123.1.1 0.0.0.0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.123.12.1 0.0.0.0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit
[R1-ospf-1] quit//R2
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 10.123.2.2
[R2-ospf-1] area 0.0.0.0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.123.2.2 0.0.0.0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.123.12.2 0.0.0.0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.123.23.2 0.0.0.0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit
[R2-ospf-1] quit//R3
[R3]ospf 1 router-id 10.123.3.3
[R3-ospf-1] area 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.123.3.3 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] network 10.123.23.3 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0] quit
[R3-ospf-1] quit在R2上检查OSPF邻居概要信息R3、R4上配置IS-IS，区域为49.0001，系统ID采用0000.0000.000x格式（x为设备编号），两台设备都为Level-1路由器，在互联接口、R4的Loopback0接口上激活IS-IS。//R3
[R3]isis 1
[R3-isis-1] is-level level-1
[R3-isis-1] network-entity 49.0001.0000.0000.0003.00
[R3-isis-1] quit
[R3]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] isis enable 1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit//R4
[R4]isis 1
[R4-isis-1] is-level level-1
[R4-isis-1] network-entity 49.0001.0000.0000.0004.00
[R4-isis-1] quit
[R4]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] isis enable 1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] quit
[R4]interface LoopBack 0
[R4-LoopBack0] isis enable 1
[R4-LoopBack0] quit在R3上检查IS-IS邻居状态在R1上引入直连路由创建IP前缀列表1，匹配Loopback1接口路由（A业务网段）[R1]ip ip-prefix 1 index 10 permit 172.16.1.0 24 greater-equal 24 less-equal 24创建IP前缀列表2，匹配Loopback2接口路由（B业务网段）[R1]ip ip-prefix 2 index 10 permit 172.16.2.0 24 greater-equal 24 less-equal 24创建Route-Policy hcip，并创建节点10、20，分别调用IP前缀列表1、2，打上路由标记[R1]route-policy hcip permit node 10
[R1-route-policy] if-match ip-prefix 1
[R1-route-policy] apply tag 10
[R1-route-policy] quit
[R1]route-policy hcip permit node 20
[R1-route-policy] if-match ip-prefix 2
[R1-route-policy] apply tag 20
[R1-route-policy] quit在R1的OSPF中引入直连路由，调用Route-Policy hcip[R1]ospf 1
[R1-ospf-1] import-route direct route-policy hcip在R1上查看OSPF LSDBLoopback1、2接口路由已经被成功引入OSPF中在R1上查看OSPF LSDB中AS-external LSA 172.16.1.0、172.16.2.0的相关信息在R2上配置过滤策略在R2上配置Filter-Policy对接收的OSPF路由进行过滤，只接收B业务网段的路由。查看配置Filter-Policy前的OSPF路由表查看配置Filter-Policy前的IP路由表中的OSPF路由配置基础ACL[R2]acl number 2000
[R2-acl-basic-2000] rule 5 deny source 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255
[R2-acl-basic-2000] rule 10 permit在OSPF中部署入方向的Filter-Policy，调用ACL 2000[R2]ospf 1
[R2-ospf-1] filter-policy 2000 import查看配置Filter-Policy后的OSPF路由表查看配置Filter-Policy后的IP路由表中的OSPF路由在IP路由表中路由172.16.2.0/24已经不存在，但是在OSPF路由表中依旧存在。这验证了对于OSPF，Filter-Policy只是限制路由加入IP路由表，不影响本地的LSDB以及LSA的传递。在R3上查看IP路由表中的OSPF路由R3的IP路由表中OSPF外部路由172.16.1.0/24、172.16.2.0/24依旧存在在R3上将OSPF路由引入到IS-IS在R3上将OSPF路由引入到IS-IS中，通过Route-Policy匹配路由标记，只引入A业务网段的OSPF外部路由。创建Route-Policy hcip[R3]route-policy hcip permit node 10
[R3-route-policy] if-match tag 10
[R3-route-policy] quit在IS-IS中引入OSPF路由，调用Route-Policy hcip只引入A业务网段的OSPF外部路由[R3]isis 1
[R3-isis-1] import-route ospf 1 level-1 route-policy hcip查看R3的IS-IS路由表Level-1的路由重分发表中只有172.16.1.0/24。